Make configuration values injectable rather than hardcoded

Add config structs with sensible defaults for tunable parameters:
- JetStreamConfig for stream retention (1 year) and replica count (1)
- HashRingConfig for virtual nodes per physical node (150)
- ShardConfig for shard count (1024) and replication factor (1)

Each component gets a new WithConfig constructor that accepts custom
configuration, while the original constructors continue to work with
defaults. Zero values in configs fall back to defaults for backward
compatibility.

Closes #38

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

cluster/hashring_test.go

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ func TestAddNode(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Verify virtual nodes were added
-	expectedVirtualNodes := VirtualNodes
+	expectedVirtualNodes := DefaultVirtualNodes
 	if len(ring.sortedHashes) != expectedVirtualNodes {
 		t.Errorf("expected %d virtual nodes, got %d", expectedVirtualNodes, len(ring.sortedHashes))
 	}
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ func TestAddNode_MultipleNodes(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("expected 3 nodes, got %d", len(nodes))
 	}
 
-	expectedHashes := VirtualNodes * 3
+	expectedHashes := DefaultVirtualNodes * 3
 	if len(ring.sortedHashes) != expectedHashes {
 		t.Errorf("expected %d virtual nodes, got %d", expectedHashes, len(ring.sortedHashes))
 	}
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ func TestRemoveNode(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Verify virtual nodes were removed
-	expectedHashes := VirtualNodes
+	expectedHashes := DefaultVirtualNodes
 	if len(ring.sortedHashes) != expectedHashes {
 		t.Errorf("expected %d virtual nodes, got %d", expectedHashes, len(ring.sortedHashes))
 	}
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ func TestRingBehavior_ManyNodes(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Verify virtual nodes count
-	expectedHashes := numNodes * VirtualNodes
+	expectedHashes := numNodes * DefaultVirtualNodes
 	if len(ring.sortedHashes) != expectedHashes {
 		t.Errorf("expected %d virtual nodes, got %d", expectedHashes, len(ring.sortedHashes))
 	}
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ func TestRingBehavior_ManyNodes(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestVirtualNodes_ImproveDistribution(t *testing.T) {
+func TestDefaultVirtualNodes_ImproveDistribution(t *testing.T) {
 	// Test that virtual nodes actually improve distribution
 	// by comparing with a theoretical single-hash-per-node scenario
 
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ func TestVirtualNodes_ImproveDistribution(t *testing.T) {
 	stdDev := math.Sqrt(sumSquaredDiff / float64(numNodes))
 	coefficientOfVariation := stdDev / expectedPerNode
 
-	// With VirtualNodes=150, we expect good distribution
+	// With DefaultVirtualNodes=150, we expect good distribution
 	// Coefficient of variation should be low (< 15%)
 	if coefficientOfVariation > 0.15 {
 		t.Errorf("distribution has high coefficient of variation: %.2f%% (expected < 15%%)",
@@ -394,8 +394,8 @@ func TestVirtualNodes_ImproveDistribution(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Verify that the actual number of virtual nodes matches expected
-	if len(ring.sortedHashes) != numNodes*VirtualNodes {
-		t.Errorf("expected %d virtual node hashes, got %d", numNodes*VirtualNodes, len(ring.sortedHashes))
+	if len(ring.sortedHashes) != numNodes*DefaultVirtualNodes {
+		t.Errorf("expected %d virtual node hashes, got %d", numNodes*DefaultVirtualNodes, len(ring.sortedHashes))
 	}
 }